Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Indian Constitution

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Published on 26 Jan 2023

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was a leading figure in drafting the Indian Constitution. He was appointed as the chairman of the drafting committee in 1947 and played a key role in shaping the Constitution, which was adopted on 26th January 1950. Ambedkar's vision of a modern, progressive, inclusive India is reflected in the Constitution, which guarantees fundamental rights and promotes social justice. He is considered the father of the Indian Constitution.

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India. It was adopted on 26th January 1950 and came into effect on 26th January 1950. It lays down the framework for the government of India and defines the powers and duties of the government, as well as the rights and duties of citizens. The Constitution has a preamble and 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules. It is the longest-written Constitution of any sovereign country in the world. It is a federal structure of government with a President as the head of the country and a Prime Minister as the head of the government. The Constitution guarantees fundamental rights to citizens, such as freedom of speech and religion, and promotes social justice by providing for affirmative action in favor of marginalized groups. It also lays down the procedure for the amendment of the Constitution.

Duties and Rights in Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution lays down the duties and rights of citizens in several articles.

Some of the key duties of citizens as outlined in the Constitution include:

• To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions (Article 51A)
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities (Article 51A)
• To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures (Article 51A)
• To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform (Article 51A)

Some of the key rights of citizens as outlined in the Constitution include:

• Right to equality (Article 14-18)
• Right to freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession (Article 19)
• Right to freedom of religion (Article 25-28)
• Right to constitutional remedies for the enforcement of fundamental rights (Article 32)
• Right to education (Article 21A)
• Right against exploitation (Article 23-24)
• Right to property (Article 300A)
• It also lays down the rights of groups such as children, women, and scheduled castes and tribes.

The Constitution also lays down the duties and powers of the government, including the separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. It also establishes independent institutions such as the Election Commission, the Comptroller and Auditor General, and the Public Service Commission to ensure accountability and transparency in the functioning of the government.

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